Castles are typical landmarks in Japan. From the earliest centuries, when castles were made of wood and stones, only a couple of ruins remain. It is in the 16th century that the most beautiful japanese castles were built, and some of them can still be visited today. It is believed that up to 5000 castles existed in feudal Japan. Nowadays, about 50 remain in good condition, and many of them dating from the early Edo period (1603-1867) are worth the visit.
Keep in mind that some of the castles were completely rebuilt the last 50 years, including those of Osaka and Hiroshima. While those ones still retain their original architecture, they are only modern constructions and therefore often lack the feelings visitors can get from real, historical buildings...
I don't have the knowledge to write a historical guide on Japanese castles. Very unfortunately, as this is a truly fascinating subject... Before visiting a castle, you should take some time to read some historical background on the construction and use of castles.
I would strongly suggest those two references :
- Wikipedia - Japanese Castle
- Guide to Japanese Castles
The second link is a comprehensive site listing almost 100 castles, and allowing searching them by type, condition (original, reconstructed, ruins) and location. Plus, and this is the true originality of this site, castles are rated from 5 stars to 1 star. This ensures that visitors will be able to find the most interesting castles in the area they intend to visit... In this topic, we will use this scale (thanks to Eric, the webmaster, for allowing that).
On the Guide to Japanese Castles web sites, castles are rated from 5 to 1, a scale that allow visitors to pick-up the best castles in the area they are visiting. This is a very useful tool, and we use it here, too.
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Subject: [E] Japanese Castles
Subject:
4 stars castles
Those castles are really interesting, and you should attempt to visit them if you pass it their vicinity. The rating criteria are defined as following : Description: castles tend to be smaller original donjon with fewer or no surrounding structures. Some may be reconstructions of historically important castles and have a number of supporting structures or a castle town. Itinerary: If you are visiting the area you should add this to your schedule. Audience: Non castle fans will enjoy a trip here too. Pictures and texts are from www.jcastle.info. Reproduced with permission. 4 BLUE Azuchi Castle
4 BLUE Bitchu Matsuyama Castle
4 BLUE Fukuoka Castle
4 RED Fukuyama Castle
4 GREEN Hirosaki Castle
4 GREEN Inuyama Castle
4 GREEN Kakunodate Castle
4 GREEN Kochi Castle
4 GREEN Marugame Castle
4 GREEN Maruoka Castle
4 RED Nagoya Castle
4 BLUE Oka Castle
4 RED Okayama Castle
4 RED Osaka Castle
4 RED Ozu Castle
4 RED Shimabara Castle
4 BLUE Takeda Castle
4 GREEN Uwajima Castle
Legend : ![]() ![]() ![]() Azuchi Castle (安土城) - Shiga-ken - ruins from 1576 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/22-Azuchi-Castle Bitchu Matsuyama Castle (備中松山城) - Okayama - original building from 1683 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/23-Bitchu-Matsuyama-Castle Fukuoka Castle (福岡城) - Fukuoka-ken - ruins from 1601 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/78-Fukuoka-Castle Fukuyama Castle (福山城) - Hiroshima-ken - reconstructed in 1966 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/70-Fukuyama-Castle Hirosaki Castle (弘前城) - Aomori-ken - original building from 1611 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/43-Hirosaki-Castle Inuyama Castle (犬山城) - Aichi-ken - original building from 1637 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/46-Inuyama-Castle Kakunodate Castle (角館城) - Akita-ken - original building from 1620 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/15-Kakunodate-Castle www.samuraiworld.com Kochi Castle (高知城) - Kochi-ken - original building from 1603 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/51-Kochi-Castle Marugame Castle (丸亀城) - Kagawa-ken - original building from 1597 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/9-Marugame-Castle Maruoka Castle (丸岡城) - Fukui-ken - original building from 1576 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/4-Maruoka-Castle Nagoya Castle (名古屋城) - Aichi-ken - reconstructed link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/ Oka Castle (岡城) - Oita-ken - ruins from 1185 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/ Okayama Castle (岡山城) - Okayama-ken - reconstructed in 1965 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/72-Okayama-Castle Osaka Castle (大阪城) - Osaka-fu - reconstructed in 1931 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/61-Osaka-Castle Ozu Castle (大洲城) - Ehime-ken - reconstructed in 2004 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/82-Ozu-Castle Shimabara Castle (島原城) - Nagasaki-ken - reconstructed in 1964 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/73-Shimabara-Castle Takeda Castle (竹田城) - Hyogo-ken - ruins link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/11-Takeda-Castle Uwajima Castle (宇和島城) - Ehime-ken - original building from 1596 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/10-Uwajima-Castle
Subject: Re: [E] Japanese Castles
5 stars castles
Those castles are the most interesting in Japan, and should be included in any itinerary passing in their area. The rating criteria are defined as following : Description: castles tend to have an original donjon and several supporting structures (moats, baileys, gates, castle town atmosphere). Itinerary: These are historical treasures and it is worth the effort to go out of your way to visit them. Audience: Everyone will enjoy a visit here. Pictures and texts are from www.jcastle.info. Reproduced with permission. 5 GREEN Hikone Castle
5 GREEN Himeji Castle
5 GREEN Hirosaki Castle
5 BLUE Kanazawa Castle
5 RED Kumamoto Castle
5 GREEN Matsue Castle
5 GREEN Matsumoto Castle
5 RED Iyo Matsuyama Castle
5 BLUE Nijo Castle
5 RED Shuri Castle
Legend : ![]() ![]() ![]() Hikone Castle (彦根城) - Shiga-ken - original building from 1603 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/36-Hikone-Castle Himeji Castle (姫路城) - Hyogo-ken - original building from 1601 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/32-Himeji-Castle www.himeji-castle.gr.jp/index/English Kanazawa Castle (金沢城) - Ishikawa-ken - ruins from 1580 (burned down in 1602) link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/7-Kanazawa-Castle www.pref.ishikawa.jp/siro-niwa/kanazawajou/index_e.html Hirosaki Castle (弘前城) - Aomori-ken - original building from 1611 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/43-Hirosaki-Castle Kumamoto Castle (熊本城) - Kumamoto-ken - reconstructed in 1960 (original was from 1607) The donjon (the central part of the castle) is a concrete reconstruction dating from 1960, but there are still older parts that can be seen. The castle has undergo some major restoration for several years, which is now completed. It seems that the result is stunning... link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/8-Kumamoto-Castle Matsue Castle (松江城) - Shimane-ken - original building from 1603 While most of the Japanese castles were destroyed either during the wars or by natural disasters, Matsue Castle still has some of its original wooden construction; of course many parts were rebuilt later, but in the same construction style - using wood and not concrete. This castle is one of the 12 original castles remaining in Japan; it is the second largest and third tallest, with its donjon rising at 30m. The view from the top floor on the town and the nearby lake is stunning. That tower is the only remaining building of the castle, as all other were destroyed in 1875. On the grounds, there is now a beautiful two-storied western-style structure built in 1903, Matsue Kyodo Kan, which hosts a regional museum link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/26-Matsue-Castle www.city.matsue.shimane.jp/kankou/jp/e/castle.htm Matsumoto Castle (松本城) - Nagano-ken - original building from 1590 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/53-Matsumoto-Castle Iyo Matsuyama Castle (伊予松山城) - Ehime-ken - original building from 1603 link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/33-Iyo-Matsuyama-Castle Nijo Castle (二条城) - Kyoto-fu - ruins from 1603 The original structure was destroyed in 1750 (donjon burned to the ground by lightening) and 1788 (Inner Palace destroyed by a huge fire). Nowadays, visitors can still enjoy the sight of the Ninomaru Palace, where the declaration of Tokugawa Yoshinobu, returning the authority to the Imperial Court in 1867, was signed. link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/58-Nijo-Castle en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nijo_Castle Shuri Castle (首里城) - Okinawa-ken - reconstructed in 1992 The castle was completely destroyed in 1945 by US military raids. The present structure was modeled after the 18th Century facility. link : www.jcastle.info/castle/profile/69-Shuri-Castle www.shurijo.com/english/index.html Last edited by sanji on Thu Feb 11, 2010 9:14 am; edited 5 times in total
Subject: Re: Japanese Castles [E]
You should update the information on Kumamoto Castle. The renovations are completed and it's absolutely fantastic to visit it.
Wikipedia: Kumamoto Castle recently celebrated its 400th anniversary. On Dec 7, 2007, a large-scale renovation of the Lord`s Inner Palace was completed. A public ceremony for the restoration was held April 20, 2008.
Subject: Re: Japanese Castles [E]
Hi,
I just wanted to post this small apiece on Takatori Castle Ruins in Nara: http://www.grand-island-serene-gardens.com/japanese-castles.html Has anyone else hiked up there? It really is a nice place with a great view as it's one of Japan's top mountain castles. Page 1 of 1
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